Roof.



CA s. HAMMOND.

ROOF.

APPLICATION FILED MAY l0, i915.

Patented Apr. 18, 1916.

PATENT oE-EICE.

coorEE s. HAMMOND, or ST.y LOUIS, MISSOURI.

ROOF.

Specification of Letters Patent.

, Application filed May 10, 1915. Serial No. 27,244.

To ZZ whom it may concern Y Be it known that L CooPER S. HAMMOND, acitizen of the United States, residing at thecity of St. Louis andStateofMissouri,

have invented a new'and useful Roof, ofl

which the following is a specification. v

This invention relates to metallic roofing.'V An object of the inventionis to provide an improved sheet-metal roof composedfof sections of sheetmetal secured t' f the supporting roof structure bynails'or otherfastening devices which are completely covered by overlapping portions.of the sections of sheet metal whereby corrosion of the fasteningdevices is prevented, a trough for-medy in the inner overlappedvportions of the sheetmetal sections for receiving and 'discharging thewater which may pass underl the edges of4 the superimposed sections,thus preventing the-Water from reaching the fas! g tening devices or theSupporting portions of the roof, and improved fastening or .clamp-- Vingelements by which the overlapped-por# tions of the sheet metal aresecured together without the necessity of Securing said lastsupportingnamed fastening devices to the portions of the roof.,

Another object is to provide an in uprovedv sheet metal roof comprisingsectionsofsheet Ametal provided with raised overlapping portions withfastening devices for the under sections entering the roof vsupport and.

Wholly covered by the upper sections, non? corrosive fastening devicesbinding together.

the raised overlapping portions of the sheet' v metal'sections withoutengagement with the roof supporting structure, and troughs.- -formed inthe underoverlapping portions.vv for receiving and discharging whatevermoisture may 'pass between said. sections,

thus preventing the moisture from reaching the roof supporting structureorthefastene Aing devicesbinding the roofing thereon.;-

- i sheet metal, without thenecessity lof engag ing said fasteningdeviceswith the roof sup' all of whichare attained by,myinvention,

Another object is to provide an improve non-corrosive fastening deviceforfastenin together `the overlapping' portions of th porting structure.There are other objects and (advantages and which do not requirelspecific mention Patented Apr. 1s, 191e. L .1

. at this point, but, which will beC'Ompparent from the following detaildescription, refer-,

ence being made tothe accompanying draw-` ment ofthe invention, andinWhich- Figure l 1s 'a sectional 'view of a roofconlstructed inaccordance with my invention.`

Fig.. 2 is a perspective view of oneof the lng in which I haveillustrated one,1 1 n bo di sheet metal sections. Fig. 3 is a sectionalView on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectlonal viewenlarged `withrespect to the 'preceding views ofthe drawing and illus.-

trating the novel" features' ofthe invention,

being Vapproximately on theline 4 -4 of ig. 1j Fig. 5 isa perspectiveview of-.one l form of fastening deviceby whichthe over lapping sectionsare secured together. ',Fig. 6v is afview of ablank from which, anotherform vof fastening ,device or clam is formed.

Fig.' 7 is a perspective'viewfo .the v"c lal'np Ithe sheet metalsections held together by the tions 1 of sheet metal folded to providenear one edge a raised portion consisting of tivo 'f formed byfoldingthe blank illustratedinl `Fig. 6. Fig; 8 is a perspectiveview-'of 'the' .non-corrosive protecting device by-which the l fclaIn-p.is protected. Fig. 9 is a sectional view onthe line 9-9 of Fig. 1,illustrating obliquely disposed Wallsv 2.and2a, which are 'i integrallyunited by a connecting portion whic "is shaped to'provide a vtroughorchannel 3; Thetroughforehannel 3 is of suitable depth,and iswholly-'Supported bythe side Walls 2, being thusmaintained entirelyout'of contact with the roof'suppormso that the portions of the sheetmetal section whichl extend laterally from the walls-'2 may pressjf.directly against the roof support tlr ough out their length',Laterallyfrom the wallllg; .129 extends abase 'flange 14:, which isfthus-'fI 95 s Vprov id-:dfwith. holes'gfor. 'the v1 ."'e'cepti'o1|,liflf', the4 {fasteningf nails (1'5". which are drivenf-, hroughthefholesi and' into' thegsiienhip ."constituting apart oftheroofi,suppq'rt;

reference to Fig. l-it will? he'f 'se'eiirlthatia arrw'jfiatportio'n'flI4 connects'gthe wall ,24% 'swithiheWallgofftheichaniielf,Iandj-thatla'- l )wider at'portion 8is'ibeftweenthe/channel'lj; 3-and th'e wal12.. The oppositeedgs of eachY nabled to bear against theroof support and section of sheet metal isformed with a raised portion consisting of the two obliquely disposedwalls 9 connected by a flat portion 10. ThusV a channel is forinedwhicliis 'adapted to receive the raised portion of an adjacent sheet metalsection including the walls 2 and 2 and the trough or channel 3 formedtherebetween.

In constructing the roof the sections 1 of the sheet metal are placedupon the supporting structure 6 and the lateral extensions at aresecured to the roof by the nails 5 passing through vholes in saidextensions and being driven `into the roof support. Duplicate sectionsare then placed inposi'- 'tion with the raised portions consisting ofthe'walls 2 and Q and the channel 3 of the first-laid sections receivedwithin the overlapping portions 9-10 of the super-imposed sections.Thus, the trough or channel of tlie'under sections are covered by theoverlapping of the adjacentsections which bear against the flat surfacesof the fiat portions 7 and 8, and thus form close joints to preventthevmoisture from passing farther between the overlapping portions ofthe sheetinetal. The nails 5 aregeiiipletely.covered-by the sheet metal,and itispraetically impossible for the moisture to reach the nails, sothat they do not deteriorate by corrosion,fas occurs in rooting ofordinary construction, or of any construction in which the nails areexposedand are accessible to the moisture. j

For the purpose of securing together the overlapping:portions of thelateral adjacent sections I vhave provided fastening devices of novelconstruction. The Vclamp `Which I have devised, 'and which isadjustableA in; connection with the overlapping portions of the sheetmetal sections effectively fto bind and secure them together withoutlengaging the roof supporting structure or sheathing, comprises a centralhead portion 11 provided with a. `flange 12 around its lower edge, andwith integral extensions or -arins 13. The arms 13 are extended throughholes in the overlapping portions of the sheet metal sections and areclamped against the inner surfaces of the subjaeent sections, thussecuring the parts together. As. illustrated the clamp device is applied/to the overlapping raised portions by pressing the arms 13 throughholes in the part 10 of the outer` section and through holes in the latportion 8 of the'lower section. Thus thefastening devices karesupported. above the plane of the inain portion Vof the roofing so" thatwater isnot enabled to pass through the holes through which thefastening'elements extend. The arms 13 may be passed through the holesas the different sections of sheet metal are placed, and said larms maybe spreadapart and clamped by any suitableV or known y'device applicableto suchy purpose. In connection with this clamping device I provide anon-corrosive protector or shield.' The head 11 is pi'ovided with anextended portion 16 adaptedk to be. folded upon the upper surface ofthelhead, thus completely covering the central part of the fasteningdevice.The head 11 f is provided with a--hole 1T through which the tool may bepassed for spreading and clamping the arms 13 as above explained. Afterthe clamp has been securedin position the extended portion 16.'constituting a protecting shield is folded upon the head or body 11 ofthe clamp. thus closing the hole 17 and also protecting the outerlsurface of the clamp'.` n 7 j f In Figs. G to S) I have illustratedanother form of clampv for securing together `the overlapping portionsofthe sheet metal sections. "This alternative vform of clamp comprises acentral head portion 111dk provided with integral extensions which maybe folded against the central portion asindicated `at 12 in Fig.A '7 andbent to provide laterally extending portions or arins12 projected atright-angles from the central head portion 1l, This fornrof the clampAis secured to the overlapping portions of ythe sheet metal sections bypassing the arms 13 i through holes in the sections and clamping thearms against the inner surfaces of the subjaeent sections, thus clampingthe parts together. In connection with vthis clamping device I provide aseparable non-'corrosive protector or shield ywhich consists of aflexible platellf, composed of lead ory other suitable non-corrosivematerial and having a hole 15n through which the arms 13ar are passed,so "that the plate is interposed be tween the head portion 11 lof theclamp device and the roofing. The plate lJfis provided with an extendedportion 16a adapted f to be folded upon the upper surface of the head11, thus covering the head of the clamp, and preventing it fromdeterioration by corrosion. The head 11u is provided with a hole 17through which the clamping-tool may be passed for spreading and clampingthe arms 13a inthe sainemanner that Jthe arms 13 of the previouslydescribed clamp are spread and clamped. After the clamp has been securedin position the extended v portion 1G, constituting a protecting shield,

is folded upon the head or body lla'of the clamp, thus closing lthe hole17a` and also protecting the surface ofthe clamp.

The upper end of e'ach'of the sheet metal sections is folded to providea transverse engaging portion 18'between the overlapf ping portions atVthe sides of the section adapted to engageV` with' an under foldedportion 19 formedat the lower end of the upwardly adjacent section. Iprefer to form the folded extensions 19 somewhat longer than theextensions 18 in order to afford sufficient material and vspace forslight variiso ation in adjusting and placing the rooting sections.

lt will be understood that there may be variations in the constructionand. arrangement of the part of the invention without departing from theprinciples thereof. I do not restrict myself to exact features of construction, but

lVhat I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates is:

l. A roof, comprising. sections of sheet metal each having adjacent toone edge thereof upwardly extending converging portions, a tiat bearingportion on each ot' said. converging portions, a trough connecting andwholly supported by said fiat bearing portions, a channel portion at theopposite edge ot' ach section composed of upwardly extending convergingportions and a flat portion connecting them, said converging portions ofsaid channel bearing against the converging portions of an adjacentsection and ar flat portion of said channel overlapping and bearing`upon the flat portion of the adjacent section, said two flat portionsbeing provided with registering holes, and clamping elements comprisinglegs passing through said holes in said overlapping flat portions andengaging against the inner surfaces thereof and also comprising integralheads bearing upon the outer iiat portion and closing said holes,whereby said elements prevent moisture from coming into contact withsaid legs.

A roof, comprising sections of sheet metal having their adjacent edgessuperimposed one upon the other, and the under section having a flatedge portion bearing upon the roof support and also having a raisedportion composed of two upwardly extending converging walls providedwith a connection comprising a fiat bearing portion and a trough, andthe upper section bearing upon the fiat portion at the edge of the undersection and lhaving converging Walls bearing against the convergingWalls of the under section, and also having a at portion bearing uponthe flat bearing portion of the under section, the said overlappingportions being provided with registering holes, and clamping devicescomprising legs passing through said holes and clamping together theflat overlapping portions, and also comprising integral heads bearingupon the outer flat portions around said holes and wholly closing thesame, whereby said clamping devices prevent moisture from coming intocontact with said legs and are wholly supported by and will accompanythe overlapping portions in their expanding and contracting movements. v

3. In a roof, a plurality of overlapping sheet metal sections havingoverlapping raised portions and lateral extensions therefrom adapted tobe fastened to the roof support, clamping devices passing through andwholly supported by said raised portions and movingl therewith when saidsheet metal sections .expand and contract in heat and cold, each of saidclamping devices comprising legs passingr through said sections andclamping against the under side of the lower section and a head inconnection with said legs bearing upon the upper section, and having apassage therethrough between said legs for the purpose mentioned, and adevice for closing said passage and preventing corrosion ot said head.

4. A rootl comprising a plurality of sheet metal sections having raisedoverlapping portions provided with registering holes, lateral extensionsfrom the lower sections below the upper sections adapted to receive the`fastening devices for securing said sections to the roof support,clamping devices wholly supported by and binding said overlappingportions together and each com posed of legs passing through said holesand clamping against the under section and a head in connectionwith saidlegs having a passage therethrough between said legs and bearing uponthe upper section to close the hole through which said legs pass and toprevent moisture from coming into contact with said legs, and a devicefor closing said passage.

5. A root, comprising a plurality of sheet metal sections having raisedoperlapping portions and provided with registering holes in the raisedoverlapping portions thereof, clamping devices wholly supported by andbinding said raised overlapping portions together, and each composed ofa head having a hole therethrough and clamping arms eX- tending throughthe registering holes in the raised portions of said sheet metalsections and clamped against the under side of the -under section, and anon-corrosive device in connection with said head closing the holetherethrough. i'

G. A roof, comprising a plurality of overlapping sheet metal sectionshaving overlapping raised portions, clamping devices passing through andwhollysupported by said raised portions and each comprising legs passingthrough .said sections andV clamping against the under side of the lowersection, and a head integral With said legs bearing upon the uppersection, a passage through each head between said legs anda closure forsaid passage.

7. A roof, comprising a plurality of overlapping sheet metal sectionshaving overlapping raised portions, clamping devices passing through andwholly supported by said raised portions and each comprising legspassing through said sections and clamping against the under side of thelower section, and a head in' connection with said legs bearing upon theupper section, a passage through each head between vsaid legs yfor the'purpose mentioned, a closure for.

said passage-n vconnection vwith and bearing upon said head, and a ribon the under side 5 of said head encircling said legs and said passageand bearing upon the yupper surface ofthe upper section. v

' In witness whereof,` I have signed `thhs 'epecifcation in the'presenceof two subscriblng Witnesses.

Vtnesses: Y

C. KINGSLAND,- v BERNm M. WATSON;

COOPER s. HAMMOND. ,Y

